Buzz Aldrin

NAME: Buzz Aldrin (born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.)

WHAT FAMOUS FOR: Second person to walk on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission in 1969.

Accomplished fighter pilot and astronaut with three spacewalks under his belt.

Advocate for space exploration and STEM education.

BIRTH: January 20, 1930, Montclair, New Jersey

FAMILY BACKGROUND: Father: Edwin Eugene Aldrin Sr., an Air Force colonel and aviation pioneer.

Mother: Marion Moon (maiden name), a homemaker.

Sister: Fay Ann Aldrin (later Dreier)

CHILDHOOD: He was described as bright and athletic, with an early interest in aviation.

Nicknamed "Buzz" by his sister due to her mispronunciation of "brother."

EDUCATION: Graduated from Montclair High School (1946).

Earned a Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point (1951).

In 1963, Aldrin wrote a doctoral thesis focused on "Line-of-Sight Guidance Techniques for Manned Orbital Rendezvous," to earn a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). This expertise, combined with his work on rendezvous and docking techniques for spacecraft, led his fellow astronauts to give him the nickname "Dr. Rendezvous".

CAREER RECORD: A U.S. Air Force pilot, Aldrin flew 66 combat missions in the Korean War (1952-1953).

Aldrin was selected as a member of NASA's Astronaut Group 3, making him the first astronaut with a doctoral degree.

His first space flight was in 1966 on Gemini 12, during which he spent over five hours on extravehicular activity.

Three years later, Aldrin set foot on the Moon at 03:15:16 on July 21, 1969 (UTC), nineteen minutes after Neil Armstrong first touched the surface, while command module pilot Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit.

Aldrin retired from NASA in 1971 and served as commandant of the Aerospace Research Pilot School.

He retired from the Air Force in 1972 and pursued various business ventures.

APPEARANCE: Tall and athletic, with short brown hair and blue eyes.

FASHION: Practical and professional, favoring suits and casual attire.

 It's worth noting that Aldrin is often seen wearing his iconic space suit or astronaut attire during public appearances.

Aldrin in 1969

CHARACTER: Aldrin is described as intelligent, determined, and adventurous. He is known for his wit and down-to-earth personality.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: Enjoys puns and witty remarks. He is known for his lighthearted demeanor despite his serious accomplishments.

RELATIONSHIPS: He was married four times:

Joan Archer (1954-1974)

Beverly Van Zile (1975-1978)

Lois Driggs Cannon (1988-2012)

Anca Faur (2023-present)

Aldrin has three children: Janice, James, and Andrew.

MONEY & FAME: Aldrin has a comfortable lifestyle due to his career and public appearances.

FOOD & DRINK: He enjoys healthy and varied meals.

MUSIC & ARTS: Aldrin appreciates classical music and enjoys jazz. He has shown interest in space-themed art.

LITERATURE: Aldrin reads biographies, historical accounts, and science fiction. He is the author of several books about his life and experiences.

NATURE: He appreciates the beauty and vastness of space and enjoys exploring natural landscapes.

HOBBIES & SPORTS: He has actively participated in skiing, golf, and swimming and enjoys flying and reading.

SCIENCE & MATHS: Aldrin holds a doctorate in astronautics and has a strong understanding of scientific principles. He continues to advocate for STEM education and space exploration.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY: A Presbyterian elder, Aldrin became the first person to hold a religious ceremony on the Moon when he privately took communion.

He is interested in existential questions but focuses more on the practical challenges of space exploration.

SCANDAL: Briefly faced controversy for punching a conspiracy theorist who denied the Moon landing.

MILITARY RECORD: He was commissioned into the United States Air Force and served as a jet fighter pilot during the Korean War, flying 66 combat missions and even shooting down two MiG-15 aircraft.

A distinguished Air Force pilot with numerous medals and commendations.

HEALTH & PHYSICAL FITNESS: Maintains good health and remains active despite his age.

His autobiographies, Return to Earth (1973) and Magnificent Desolation (2009), recount his struggles with clinical depression and alcoholism after leaving NASA.

HOMES: Aldrin has lived in various locations throughout his career, including New Jersey, Texas, California, and Florida.

SPACE TRAVEL: Buzz Aldrin's three spacewalks during the Gemini 12 mission in November 1966 were a significant milestone in human spaceflight. These extravehicular activities (EVAs) showcased substantial advancements over previous attempts, laying the groundwork for future missions like Apollo.

The first EVA, a standup EVA on November 12, 1966, lasted 2 hours and 29 minutes. During this time, Aldrin positioned himself outside the spacecraft hatch, mounted a camera, and collected a micrometeorite experiment.

The second EVA, on November 13, 1966, was the most extensive, lasting 2 hours and 6 minutes. This EVA marked a significant step forward in spacewalking techniques. Aldrin completely exited the spacecraft, tethered by a 9-meter umbilical cord. He installed a handrail, moved along it to the adapter section, and performed various tasks using foot restraints and tethers. Notably, he attached a 30-meter tether between the Gemini adapter and the Agena target vehicle. To prevent exhaustion, Aldrin took regular rest periods.

The final EVA, another standup EVA on November 14, 1966, lasted 55 minutes. Aldrin conducted photography experiments, performed additional unspecified tasks, and jettisoned unused equipment.

Aldrin's successful EVAs, which overcame the challenges faced in previous missions, demonstrated the feasibility of humans working effectively outside spacecraft with proper preparation and equipment. These achievements were crucial for the success of subsequent space missions, including the historic Apollo program.

Buzz Aldrin's journey to the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission was a historic achievement that solidified his place in space exploration history. As the second person to walk on the lunar surface, Aldrin contributed significantly to one of humanity's greatest endeavors.

The Apollo 11 mission launched on July 16, 1969, from Kennedy Space Center. After a four-day journey, the crew entered lunar orbit on July 19. The following day, Aldrin and Armstrong boarded the Lunar Module Eagle, separating from the Command Module Columbia.

On July 20, 1969, the Eagle landed in the Sea of Tranquility. The descent was fraught with challenges, including overshooting the target landing site and encountering unexpected computer alarms. Armstrong had to manually pilot the lunar module to avoid a hazardous landing site, landing with minimal fuel remaining.

At 2:56 UTC on July 21, 1969, Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface, followed by Aldrin 20 minutes later. Aldrin's first words on the Moon were, "Beautiful view. Magnificent desolation." 

During their 2-hour and 31-minute moonwalk, they collected rock and soil samples, set up scientific experiments, planted the American flag, unveiled a commemorative plaque, and had a brief conversation with President Nixon.

After 21 hours on the lunar surface, Aldrin and Armstrong rejoined Collins in the Command Module. The crew splashed down in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969, concluding their 8-day mission.

Upon returning to Earth, the crew underwent a 21-day quarantine period. Interestingly, Aldrin claimed a modest $33.31 in travel expenses for his journey to the Moon and back.

Buzz Aldrin's lunar journey was a testament to human ingenuity and courage. His contribution to the Apollo 11 mission continues to inspire generations and remains a significant milestone in the annals of space exploration.

Extensive travel during his career, both in the military and as an astronaut. He continues to travel for speaking engagements and advocacy work.

POLAR TRAVEL: Buzz Aldrin added another feather to his cap on November 29, 2016. At the ripe old age of 86, he became the oldest person to set foot on the icy expanse of the South Pole. This audacious adventure, part of a tourist trip organized by White Desert, saw Aldrin journey from the warmth of South Africa to the frigid Antarctic.

However, his polar quest was cut short due to health complications. Aldrin developed fluid in his lungs and experienced symptoms of altitude sickness. As a precaution, he was evacuated from the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station and flown to New Zealand for medical treatment.

Despite the setback, Aldrin's achievement was celebrated by his team. His manager, Christina Korp, joked that he'd be "insufferable now," a testament to Aldrin's competitive spirit. The Moonwalker recovered well and returned home, having added another extraordinary chapter to his already legendary life.

This South Pole expedition was not Aldrin's first polar adventure. He had previously visited the North Pole as a tourist in July 1998, making him the oldest person to visit both poles

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA: Aldrin's iconic image as an astronaut has led to numerous media appearances.

He has been featured in documentaries about the Apollo missions and space exploration.

Aldrin has also made appearances in television shows and films, often portraying himself or characters inspired by his experiences.

He is a popular interview subject and continues to advocate for space exploration in various media platforms.

ACHIEVEMENTS: His remarkable achievements span both space exploration and scientific research.

Aldrin's contributions to space exploration are significant. He made three spacewalks as the pilot of the 1966 Gemini 12 mission  Later, he became the Lunar Module Eagle pilot on the historic 1969 Apollo 11 mission, where he and mission commander Neil Armstrong were the first two people to land on the Moon. 

Beyond his space achievements, Aldrin played a critical behind-the-scenes role in solving some of the thorniest challenges of manned space flight. As the only astronaut with a Ph.D., he calculated complex maneuvers for docking two spacecraft in orbit.

Buzz Aldrin became the oldest person to ever reach the South Pole, when he visited it in November 2016 at the age of 86. 

Aldrin continues to advocate for space exploration, particularly a human mission to Mars. He even developed the concept of the Aldrin cycler, a special spacecraft trajectory that makes travel to Mars more efficient in terms of time and propellant 

Alcuin of York

NAME: Alcuin of York, also known as Flaccus Albinus Alcuinus, Ealhwine, Alhwin, or Alchoin

WHAT FAMOUS FOR: Leading scholar and teacher at the court of Charlemagne, spearheading the Carolingian Renaissance.

Educational reformer, introducing standardized writing and curriculum across Europe.

Theologian and religious advisor, influencing liturgy and church practices.

Prolific writer, leaving behind hundreds of letters, poems, and educational treatises.

BIRTH: c. 735, York, Northumbria (exact date unknown)

FAMILY BACKGROUND: Limited details available. Likely from a modest landowning family.

CHILDHOOD: Alcuin spent his early years in York, likely under the care of his family.

EDUCATION: Alcuin received a top-notch education at the renowned York Minster School under Archbishop Ecgbert. He excelled in Latin, theology, and literature. Alcuin later became a monk and teacher there.

CAREER RECORD Alcuin became the head of the cathedral school of Yorkl in 778.

In 781, while returning from a visit to Rome, Alcuin met King Charles the Great (Charlemagne) in Parma. Charlemagne recognized Alcuin's scholarly abilities and invited him to join the royal court. Alcuin became one of Charlemagne's chief advisers on religious and educational matters. He was appointed head of the palace school at Aachen, attended by members of the royal court and noble families. There, he established a great library, revised church liturgy and the Bible, and helped restore Latin as a literary language .

In 796, Alcuin became abbot of St. Martin's monastery at Tours, where he continued his educational work by establishing a school and library. 

His influence extended beyond scholarly pursuits; Alcuin  acted as an English ambassador at Charlemagne's court, maintaining connections with both secular and ecclesiastical leaders through extensive letter writing. His correspondence addressed social issues, educational matters, and Church reform.

APPEARANCE & FASHION: No known portraits exist. Alcuin was described as tall and thin, with a gentle demeanor. He dressed modestly in clerical garb.

By © Hubertl / Wikimedia Commons

CHARACTER: Deeply religious, intellectually curious, and fiercely devoted to education. Alcuin was known for his humility, wit, and wisdom.

Alcuin was not an innovative thinker but excelled as a teacher and scholar. His ability to guide others through complex spiritual concepts inspired intellectual growth among his students. His writings included educational manuals, poetry, classical text copies, and numerous letters. His correspondence was highly valued and distributed to centers of learning.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: Enjoyed wordplay and riddles, employing humor in his teachings.

RELATIONSHIPS: Alcuin was a close friend and advisor to Charlemagne. He maintained strong connections with other scholars and church officials.

MONEY & FAME: Not interested in personal wealth. Alcuin was more concerned with the pursuit of knowledge and sharing it with others.

FOOD & DRINK: He practiced moderation, adhering to religious dietary guidelines.

MUSIC & ARTS: Alcuin appreciated music and poetry, incorporating them into his educational methods.

LITERATURE: He wrote extensively, including poetry, theology, and educational texts. Alcuin championed the study of classical literature.

NATURE: Alcuin found solace in nature, often using natural metaphors in his writings.

HOBBIES & SPORTS: Alcuin enjoyed reading, writing, and intellectual discourse.

SCIENCE & MATHS: He emphasized the importance of logic and reason in his teachings, but did not engage heavily in scientific or mathematical pursuits.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY: Alcuin was deeply influenced by Augustine and other Christian thinkers. He focused on practical theology and education rather than abstract philosophical debates.

HEALTH & PHYSICAL FITNESS: He maintained good health throughout his life.

HOMES: York Minster, Charlemagne's court in Aachen, Abbey of Saint Martin in Tours.

TRAVEL: Alcuin traveled extensively across Europe, visiting major centers of learning.

DEATH: Alcuin died  May 19, 804, Tours, France and was buried at St. Martin's Church, Tours.

He  produced the epitaph for his own gravestone, which reads “My name was Alchuine, and wisdom was always dear to me.”

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA: Featured in historical novels and documentaries.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Played a pivotal role in the Carolingian Renaissance, reviving classical learning and raising educational standards across Europe.

Standardized writing and curriculum, paving the way for improved communication and scholarship.

Influenced religious practices and liturgy, shaping the development of the Catholic Church.

Left a lasting legacy as a scholar, writer, and educator, inspiring generations to come.

Please note: Due to the limited historical information available, some details of Alcuin's life, such as his appearance, fashion, and personal relationships, remain unknown. This biography provides a general overview of his significant contributions and achievements.

Louisa May Alcott

NAME Louisa May Alcott

WHAT FAMOUS FOR A renowned novelist, best known for Little Women and its sequels, capturing the lives and dreams of young women in 19th-century America.

BIRTH November 29, 1832, Germantown, Pennsylvania

FAMILY BACKGROUND Louise's father, Amos Alcott, was a transcendentalist, philosopher and educator. His staunch adherence to his educational theories brought much disappointment and little money, as he couldn't establish a successful school. So Louisa had to work.

Amos Alcott once said "Sloth is the tempter that beguiles and expels from paradise." Also "Debate is angular, conversation circular and radiant of the underlying unity." Er yes... and "To be ignorant of one's ignorance is the melody of the ignorant." I bet he was a hit at dinner parties. Amos Alcott's educational theories were a mish mash of Socrates and Jesus. He established a series of schools aimed at stimulating thought and awakening the soul. One way of doing this was teachers receiving punishment from offending pupils. This apparently resulted in a sense of shame being installed in the errant children. Not surprisingly these innovations were not widely accepted.

After this he had spells working as a handyman. In between of which he had a failed Utopian community, Fruitlands, until Louisa's success brought him financial security. His writings were considered by most as yawnerama city.

Louisa's mother, Abigail May (Abba) was often the breadwinner as a social worker in Boston.

Louisa had one older sister, Anna and two younger, Lizzie and May.

CHILDHOOD Louisa spent her childhood in Boston and Concord, Massachusetts, where she was prone to periods of hyperactivity followed by days of depression and listlessness. A tomboy, Louisa liked climbing trees and leaping fences.

She grew up in the company of her father's friends, the essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson and the naturalist Henry David Thoreau. The future writer liked visiting Emerson's library, excursions into nature with Henry David Thoreau and theatricals in the barn at Hillside.

Emerson said prophetically of young Louisa Alcott's early attempts to write. "She is a natural source of stories... she is and is to be the poet of children."

EDUCATION Louisa was educated until the age of 16 by means of informal schooling from her father with the occasional help of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. Her father's controversial conversational method of teaching was successful with Louisa.

CAREER RECORD 1849 Began taking on small jobs to support her impoverished family such as teaching small children and mending and washing laundry.
1852 Louisa Alcott's first poem Sunlight was published in Peterson's Magazine.
1855 Her first book was published, Flower Fables.
1860 Her verses and stories appear in the Atlantic Monthly.
1862-3 Works as a volunteer nurse during the Civil War at Georgetown Hospital
1867 Editor of young girl's magazine- Merrys Museum.

APPEARANCE Described as slender with dark hair and eyes, often wearing simple and practical clothing. Louisa had straight short hair with a v parting on her forehead.

Alcott, c. 1870

FASHION Not preoccupied with fashion, prioritizing comfort and practicality. She addressed as number of women's issues, including protesting against the corset.

CHARACTER Independent, passionate, and outspoken. Devoted to family and friends, known for her kindness and humor.

The heroine of Little Women, Jo, was a partial self portrait.

SENSE OF HUMOUR Witty and playful, enjoyed satire and wordplay

RELATIONSHIPS Louisa was close to her sisters and father, despite financial and philosophical differences. 

She never married, choosing independence and focusing on writing.

When her youngest sister May died in 1879, Louisa took her two year old daughter, Louisa May Nieriker ("Lulu"), into care.

MONEY AND FAME Louisa wrote when young, "I think I shall write books, and get rich and famous; that would suit me, so that is my favorite dream. " She originally turned to writing to support her impoverished family and earned $2,000 with her Hospital Sketches. 

By 1869 Louisa was able to write in her journal "Paid up all the debts thank the Lord." By the time of her death her book sales had reached the one million mark. And she'd realised $200,000 from her fiction.

She was ambivalent towards fame, valuing literary recognition over celebrity status.

INTERESTS FOOD AND DRINK Louisa's father was a pioneering vegan. His diet excluded meat, eggs, and all milk products and he drank only well water. The transcendentalist philosopher exchanged vegetarian recipes with Emerson and Thoreau.

Louisa appreciated simple, wholesome meals. Enjoyed coffee and tea, known to indulge in sweets occasionally.

MUSIC AND ARTS At the age of 15 Louisa was writing and producing amateur theatricals, which they performed in the barn at Hillside. After they'd moved to Orchard House in Concord, the family performed the plays, using the dining room as their stage while guests watched from the adjoining parlor. Later some of her melodramas were produced in Boston.

Louisa enjoyed playing the piano and attending theater performances. She supported other artists and advocated for arts education.

LITERATURE Louisa was a voracious reader and prolific writer across various genres. She drew inspiration from personal experiences and contemporary social issues.

Louisa, who could write with both her left and right hand, penned over 300 books in different genres. These included several racy pot boilers under a pseudonym A. M. Barnard, such as A Long Fatal Love Chase and Pauline's Passion and Punishment. These adult novels were of the type referred to in Little Women as "dangerous for little minds," so many decided to skip Lou's racy works.

Amongst her best known books are:
1854 Flowers Fables These were fairy stories Louisa made up to tell the pupils that she was teaching. She wrote a year later: "My book came out and people began to think that topsy-turvy Louisa would amount to something after all."
1863 Hospital Sketches. While serving as an army nurse during the American Civil War, Louisa wrote letters to her family that were later published as Hospital Sketches. This was her first book which got critical recognition.
1868 Little Women Louisa was urged by her publishers to write a book for girls. This largely autobiographical novel was penned in 6 weeks at Orchard House during the summer of 1868. The story about four teenage sisters, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy March growing up in a Victorian New England village was based on Louisa and her sisters coming of age. Jo March, who was a partial self portrait, was the first American juvenile heroine to be shown acting from her own individuality. An immediate success, the book instantly sold more than 2,000 copies and soon made her famous. It has since been translated into 20 languages.
1869 Little Women Part 2 The catchy titled sequel, which showed what happened to the March sisters when they reached adulthood (and weren't little women any longer). In Britain it was more logically titled Good Wives.
"Girls are so queer you never know what they mean. They say no when they mean yes and drive a man out of his wits for the fun of it." Little Women Part 2
1871 Little Men This book, which Louisa wrote in three weeks, whilst on vacation in Rome, continues the story of Jo.
1886 Jo's Boys. This completed the saga of the March girls.
1995 A Long Fatal Love Chase One of Louisa's more adult offerings, which I mentioned earlier, it was rejected by her publishers for being too racy. The manuscript lay undiscovered for a century only to be rediscovered and published in 1995.

NATURE The Alcott family took part in an experimental communal village known as Fruitlands. Here Louisa's father wanted to bring his daughters a greater understanding of nature.

Louisa found solace in nature, enjoying walks and appreciating the beauty of the outdoors.

HOBBIES AND SPORTS: Louisa loved writing, acting, and spending time with friends and family. She enjoyed hiking, dancing, and playing with children.

SCIENCE AND MATHS: Less inclined towards these subjects, though her writing touched on scientific advancements and societal progress.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY Louisa devoted herself to social reform, temperance and women's suffrage movements.

She was influenced by transcendentalist values, emphasizing self-reliance, individualism, and spiritual connection. The American poet and humorist Richard Armour quipped in American Lit Relit that, "The Transcendentalists were a group of New Englanders who looked upon themselves as mystics and were looked upon by others as queer."

SCANDAL Some critics of Louisa who were put out by her progressive views claimed that she didn't want to write Little Women. Others maintained that the authoress despised young girls and wrote the best seller for the money.

MILITARY RECORD Louisa served as a nurse during the civil war in a union hospital at Georgetown, now part of Washington DC. 

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS Louisa served as a military nurse during the Civil War and contacted typhoid pneumonia from the unsanitary conditions in the union hospital. The doctors used calomel, a drug laden with mercury to cure her. A side effect of her treatment was losing her hair and numerous mouth sores. 

Louisa never fully recovered her health and after returning home to Concord, Massachusetts, she suffered mental depressions and hallucinations in which a Spaniard clad in black leaps through her bedroom window at night. For the rest of her life, she was consistently tired and in constant pain caused at least partially by the demands of her family.

HOMES Louisa spent her childhood in Boston. She spent much of her life in Orchard House, Concord (not the plane but the place in Massachusetts). In her later years Louisa suffered ill health and she rented a room away from family home in order to be able to sleep without the use of drugs. Orchard House was made a memorial in 1911.

1834 Moved to Hillside in Concord, Massachusetts
1840 Moved to Concord where Ralph Emerson helped the Alcott family set up residence.
1843 Her father set up experimental communal village called Fruitlands in Harvard Massachusetts.
1845 Fruitlands failed. The Alcott family returned to Concord taking up residence at Hillside on April 1, 1845, when Louisa Alcott was 12,  Alcott family's time at "Hillside" was a significant period in Louisa's life, as it was there that she began to develop her love for writing and storytelling. On March 8, 1852, author Nathaniel Hawthorne finalized his purchase of the house for $1,500 from the Alcotts. He renamed it The Wayside.
1849 Moved to Boston
1857 Returned to Concord. Her father had purchased Orchard House (now 399 Lexington Road, Concord). The plot included two early eighteenth century houses on 12 acres of apple trees.
1862 Headed to union hospital at Georgetown, Washington DC to serve as nurse.
1863 Returned to Concord

1880 Moved to Boston with Lulu.
1885 Moved with what remained of her family to elegant Louisberg Square, Boston.

TRAVEL In 1865 Louisa used the proceeds of Hospital Sketches to pay for a trip to Europe. She travelled with a wealthy invalid. By 1870, after the success of Little Women, she was now wealthy enough to make a longer trip to Europe along with her sister, May.

DEATH Louisa died March 6, 1888, at the age of 55, on the day of her father's funeral. She succumbed to the lingering after-effects of mercury poisoning, contracted during her Civil War service. Louisa was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery at Bedford Street in Concord, Massachusetts. Henry Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau can be found at the same cemetery.

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA There have been a number of major film versions of Little Women, including two silent, a 1949 bore and three goodies, 1933 with Katherine Hepburn as Jo, 1995 with Winona Ryder as Jo and 2019 with Saoirse Ronan as Jo,. Ryder was Oscar nominated for her performance.

ACHIEVEMENTS Literary icon celebrated for her timeless novels with enduring themes of family, independence, and self-discovery.

Pioneering voice for women's rights and social justice through her writing and activism.

Inspiration for young readers and aspiring writers for generations.  Little Women and its sequels, Good Wives, Jo's Boys and Little Men were precursors of the Jackie Collins/Barbara Taylor Bradford's mini sagas.

She has a crater on Venus named after her.

Sources Cassells Book of Humorous Quotations (1969), Table Talk by Derek Nimmo, The Independent March 16, 1995, and of course Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisa_Alcott).

Prince Albert

NAME Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Full name Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel

WHAT FAMOUS FOR The Prince Consort and husband of Queen Victoria
"A is Prince Albert once buxom and keen
Who came from Germany and got spliced to the Queen."
(Alphabetical Song on the Corn Law Bill-anon)

BIRTH Prince Albert was born on August 26, 1819 in the German duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield.

FAMILY BACKGROUND Albert was the second son of the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. His family were connected to many of Europe's ruling monarchs. When Albert was four, his mother ran off with a German Baron. Albert and his elder brother, Ernest, spent their youth in a close companionship scarred by their parents' turbulent marriage and eventual separation; their adored mother, exiled from court and barred from seeing her children again due to her affair, died young, at the age 31, of cancer.

EDUCATION Albert received a good education, before attending the University of Bonn. There he studied natural science, political economy, and philosophy. His teachers included the philosopher Fichte and the poet Schlegel. He also studied music and painting and excelled in sports, especially in fencing and riding. After Prince Albert's death Framingham School in Suffolk was founded as a memorial to him. I know that as my father was educated there.

CAREER RECORD As Prince Consort Albert had no status in the constitution and he occupied a somewhat irregular position. A lacky filling in the census form for the royal family described his job as "husband." However, Albert was a hard worker throughout his time in England, writing endless memos to all and sundry. A more accurate job description would have been Advisor and Private Secretary to the Queen.
Among the entries on his CV would have been:
1841 Appointed Head of Commission to encourage the fine arts in Britain.
1847 Elected Chancellor of Cambridge University.
1851 Planned the Great Exhibition which made a profit of £186,000. It had 13,500 exhibitions and constituted at its time the largest assembly of people collected together for one purpose.

APPEARANCE Moustache and receding hairline. Large blue eyes. Dark hair. Broad shouldered. Victoria described him aged 20 as "beautiful blue eyes, exquisite nose and such a pretty mouth with delicate moustachios and slight but very slight whiskers."

Albert, Prince Consort 15 May 1860 J.J.E. Mayall

FASHION  Albert was a conservative dresser, favoring practicality and tradition. He originated a fashion for wearing a watch chain across a waistcoat from one pocket hole to the other.

The traditional black band on a Panama hat was added in mourning for Prince Albert after he died. Its been retained ever since.

CHARACTER Very sensible, hard working, efficient, attentive, kind, trustworthy and a little bit priggish. Victoria on Albert "He is an angel and his kindness and affection to me is really touching." Aah!

SENSE OF HUMOUR: Dry and intellectual, Albert enjoyed witty conversation and playful debates.

RELATIONSHIPS The idea of a marriage between Albert and his first cousin Victoria had always been cherished by their uncle, King Leopold I of Belgium, as well as Victoria's mother (Leopold's sister), Victoire, Duchess of Kent, and in May 1836 Albert, along with his father and brother paid a visit to Kensington Palace, where Princess Victoria of Kent, as she then was, lived, for the purpose of meeting her.

The visit did not by any means suit Victoria's uncle, King William IV, who disapproved of the match with his heir, and favoured Prince Alexander of Orange. But Princess Victoria knew of Leopold's plan, and William's objections went for naught.

In her diary Princess Victoria noted that she was attracted by his intellect and also by his “exquisite nose and delicate moustachios.” The parties undertook no formal engagement, but privately understood the situation as one which would naturally develop in time.

After Victoria came to the throne on June 20, 1837, her letters show her interest in Albert's being educated for the part he would have to play. In the winter of 1838 - 1839 the prince travelled in Italy, accompanied by the Queen's confidential adviser.

In October 1839 he and Ernest went again to England to visit the Queen, with the object of finally settling the marriage. She summoned Albert one afternoon and with characteristic directness proposed marriage herself as she was sure Albert would never have taken such a liberty as to propose to the Queen of England. They became definitely engaged on October 15th 1839 and the Queen made a formal declaration of her intention to marry to the Privy Council on November 23rd.

They were married in the Chapel Royal at St James’s Palace on February 10, 1840 and had a two day honeymoon at Windsor Castle.

It proved to be a good match and the couple were devoted to each other. Victoria and Albert had nine children together. 

Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (1840-1901), Princess Royal

Edward Albert (1841-1910), later King Edward VII

Alice Maud Mary (1843-1878)

Alfred Ernest Albert (1844-1900)

Helena Augusta Victoria (1846-1923)

Louise Caroline Alberta (1848-1939)

Arthur William Patrick Albert (1850-1942)

Leopold George Duncan Albert (1853-1884)

Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore (1857-1944)

The clip below is taken from ITV's 1975 Emmy winning production of Edward the Seventh.

MONEY AND FAME Albert was astute financially, making a lot of money for the royal family. Their fortune today originated from Albert's efforts. For instance, the estates of the Duchy of Cornwall, the hereditary property of his son, the Prince of Wales, improved so greatly under his father's management that the rent receipts rose from £11,000 pounds to £50,000 per year. 

He wasn't particularly interested in personal fame, prioritizing responsibility over publicity.

FOOD AND DRINK Albert appreciated simple, healthy meals. He enjoyed wine and champagne on special occasions.

Victoria and Albert's wedding cake was 9 feet around, weighed 300 pounds and was 14 inches high. It was served at the wedding breakfast.

A giant wheel of Cheddar cheese was given to the Queen for a wedding gift. It weighed 1,200 pound and two Somerset villages combined to make it.

MUSIC AND ARTS Albert had very good taste in art, far better than his missus. The 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica illustrates his sense of the artistic . "One day the prince had a conversation with a great manufacturer of crockery and sought to convert him to the idea of issuing something better than the eternal willow-pattern in white with gold, red, or blue, which formed the staple of middle and lower class domestic china. The manufacturer held out that new shapes and designs would not sell; but the Prince Consort induced him to try, and he did so with such a rapid success that it revolutionised the china cupboards of Britain."

Albert was also a talented composer of both sacred pieces such as Te Deum in C, which was sang at Victoria's 60th celebration anniversary celebration of her reign and various piano songs that were said to be reminiscent of Mendelssohn and Schubert.

CHRISTMAS Prince Albert introduced the German habit of erecting a Christmas tree. Published pictures, that were featured in the Illustrated London News, of the Royal Family around a Christmas tree draped with candles, presents and sweets, proved influential in igniting the spark of modern Christmas celebration as a family event.
Christmas pudding became a proper tradition in the 19th century when Prince Albert, a fan, introduced it to the royal Christmas.

LITERATURE: Well-read in various languages, with a preference for history, philosophy, and poetry.

NATURE: Albert enjoyed outdoor activities like walking and hiking. Appreciated the beauty and importance of natural landscapes.

Albert and Victoria had a dog called Eos.

HOBBIES AND SPORTS Albert enjoyed riding horses and attending shooting events.

Albert had a special interest in education and science and was the inspiration behind the Science Museum in London. His interest in applying science and art to manufacturing industry bore fruit in the 1851 Great Exhibition. The surplus of £186,000 that the Great Exhibition raised, resulted in a number of educational and cultural institutions. These included what would later be named the Victoria and Albert Museum and the Royal Albert Hall, which was originally conceived by him as a hall of art and sciences. The latter was officially opened by Queen Victoria on March 29, 1871.

SCIENCE AND MATHS: Albert was deeply interested in scientific advancements and technological innovations. He supported scientific research and exploration.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY Albert had a non denominational, relaxed attitude to religion. He stressed good works rather than professions of faith.

Many credit Prince Albert with introducing the principle that the British Royal Family should remain above politics. Before his marriage to Victoria the Royal Family supported the Whigs; early in her reign Victoria managed to thwart the formation of a Tory government by Sir Robert Peel by refusing to accept substitutions which Peel wanted to make among her ladies-in-waiting.

SCANDAL Originally British people were suspicious of Albert because of his German connections. A satirical verse at the time went:
"I am a German just arrived
With you to be mingling
My passage it was paid
From Germany to England
To wed your blooming Queen
For better or worse I take her
My father is a duke
And I'm a sausage maker."

Later on opinion was divided between those who regarded him as a meddling foreigner and those who valued his hard work.

Though rumors of infidelity existed, they were never confirmed, and his reputation remained mostly untarnished.

MILITARY RECORD: Albert held honorary military positions but did not actively participate in warfare.

Though the English parliament refused to give the German Prince Consort a rank in the army, he did help reorganise the army training plan during the Crimean War and played a principal part in averting war with the USA in 1861.

He showed his bravery by shielding the Queen when an assassin shot at her in an open carriage.

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS: Generally healthy throughout life, though suffered from typhoid fever in his youth. However, Albert drove himself too hard trying to win over the public and he became physically weaker towards the end of his life

He had a chronic inability to stay awake once it got to late evening, which lead to a number of embarrassing incidents at various public functions.

HOMES Albert grew up Ehrenburg Palace in Coburg, Germany. Once married to Victoria they lived primarily at Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle

Their winter home was Osbourne Castle on the Isle of Wight. Albert designed it, together with Thomas Cubitt, as an Italian villa.

TRAVEL Traveled extensively across Europe, visiting various countries and meeting foreign dignitaries.

Albert and Victoria loved the Highlands of Scotland and brought Balmoral Castle rebuilding it in Scottish baronial style. The British Royal Family still spend some time each year there.

DEATH Prince Albert died on December 14, 1861 of typhoid fever at Windsor Castle. He had gone up to Cambridge to admonish the future Edward VIII against laziness and fell ill there. The Queen’s court physician, Sir James Clarke, originally diagnosed no more than a nasty cold. It was only after the death of the Prince Consort that Clarke admitted that in hindsight maybe there were typhoid symptoms.

Every day for 40 years after his death, Victoria ordered that Albert's clothes be laid afresh on his bed in his suite at Windsor Castle. Queen Victoria never really recovered from his death and was in continual mourning. The Albert memorial is a shrine to his memory at Windsor Castle. Later Victoria was buried alongside him at Frogmore, Berkshire.

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA Among the films in which Prince Albert has been portrayed are: Victoria the Great 1937 Played by Anton Walbrook
Sixty Glorious Years 1938 Played by Anton Walbrook (again)
The Lady with a Lamp 1951 Played by Peter Graves
Young Victoria 2009 Played by Rupert Friend

In the 1975 Emmy winning TV drama series Edward the Seventh, he was played by Robert Hardy. In the 2016-19 British historical television drama series Victoria he was played by Tom Hughes

ACHIEVEMENTS Modernized and reformed aspects of British society.

Promoted peace and diplomacy on the international stage.

Played a pivotal role in the Great Exhibition and other cultural advancements.

Left a lasting legacy as a dedicated and influential Prince Consort.

The title of Prince Consort of Great Britain was conferred in 1857 on Albert.
Albert is the only British Consort to have had a memorial (Albert Memorial) and a public building (Royal Albert Hall) dedicated to his name.
Prince Albert in Central Saskatchewan, Canada, was named after him, as was Lake Albert in Africa .
The Albert is a short kind of watch, which was named after Queen Victoria's hubby.

Sources The Faber Book of English History in Verse by Kenneth Baker, People's Almanac Presents the Book of Lists #3 by Amy Wallace, David Wallechinsky and Irving Wallace, The Daily Mail December 23, 2008, Food For Thought (Extraordinary Little Chronicles of the World) by, erm, me and a few bits were nicked from Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Albert)

Akhenaten

NAME: Akhenaten was originally named Amenhotep IV, meaning "Amun is satisfied". He changed his name to Akhenaten, meaning "Effective for the Aten", in the fifth year of his reign.

WHAT FAMOUS FOR: Akhenaten is famous for his religious reforms, his artistic style, and his family life. He abandoned the traditional worship of many gods and focused on the cult of Aten, building a new capital city called Akhetaten (modern Amarna) and closing the temples of other gods. 

Akhenaten also introduced a new artistic style that depicted him and his family in a more naturalistic and exaggerated way, showing their emotions and physical features. 

BIRTH: Akhenaten was born around 1380 BC, the son of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye. He was probably the second son, but his older brother Thutmose died young, making him the heir to the throne.

FAMILY BACKGROUND: Akhenaten came from a powerful and wealthy family that ruled Egypt for over a century. His father Amenhotep III was a successful and popular pharaoh who expanded Egypt's influence and prestige. His mother Tiye was a strong and influential queen who came from a non-royal family. Akhenaten had several siblings, including a sister named Sitamun who married their father.

CHILDHOOD: Little is known about Akhenaten's childhood, but he probably grew up in the royal palace of Malkata in Thebes, surrounded by luxury and splendor. 

EDUCATION: Akhenaten's education is not well documented, but he may have learned from tutors and priests about the history, culture, and religion of Egypt. He also showed some artistic talent and appreciation for poetry and music. He may have been influenced by some foreign ideas and beliefs, especially from Syria and Babylon.

CAREER RECORD: Akhenaten's career as a pharaoh was marked by radical changes and challenges. He ascended the throne around 1353 BC, at a time when Egypt was prosperous and stable. However, he soon began to introduce reforms that altered the religious, artistic, and political landscape of Egypt. He promoted the worship of Aten as the only god, moved the capital from Thebes to Akhetaten, and supported a new style of art that broke with tradition. 

Akhenaten  neglected the foreign affairs and military defense of Egypt, losing some of its allies and territories. He faced opposition and resistance from some segments of society, especially the priests of Amun who lost their power and wealth.

APPEARANCE: Akhenaten's appearance was unusual and distinctive. He had a long face, a thin neck, a prominent chin, full lips, almond-shaped eyes, and long ears. He also had a slender body with wide hips, a protruding belly, thin arms and legs, and female-like breasts. Some scholars have suggested that he may have suffered from some genetic or medical condition that caused these features, such as Marfan syndrome or Froelich's syndrome. Others have argued that he deliberately portrayed himself in this way to symbolize his role as a creator and nurturer of life. Some debate about the accuracy of his depictionsdue to artistic style.

Wooden standing statue of Akhenaten. Currently in the Egyptian Museum of Berlin By Miguel Hermoso Cuesta - Wikipedia

FASHION: Akhenaten's fashion reflected his religious devotion to Aten. He often wore a blue crown with a sun disk and uraeus (cobra) on it, symbolizing his connection to the sun god. Akhenaten also wore long white robes with colorful patterns and fringes, gold jewelry, sandals, and sometimes a false beard. He sometimes appeared bare-chested or naked in his monuments to show his fertility and humanity.

CHARACTER: Akhenaten's character is hard to judge from the available sources, but he seems to have been a visionary and a reformer who wanted to transform Egypt according to his beliefs. He may have been sincere and passionate about his faith in Aten, or he may have been arrogant and authoritarian in imposing his will on others. 

Akhenaten may have been a loving husband and father who cared for his family, or he may have been an isolated ruler who ignored the needs of his people. He may have been a genius or a madman or both.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: There is no evidence that Akhenaten had a sense of humour or enjoyed jokes or laughter. His religious views were very serious and solemn, and he did not tolerate any mockery or criticism of his god or himself. He may have found some joy and pleasure in music and poetry, but he did not express any humour in his art or literature.

RELATIONSHIPS: Akhenaten's most important relationship was with his wife Nefertiti, who was his chief consort and co-regent. She shared his religious views and supported his reforms. She also bore him six daughters: Meritaten, Meketaten, Ankhesenamun, Neferneferuaten, Neferneferure, and Setepenre.  Akhenaten loved his wife and daughters and often depicted them with him in his monuments. 

Akhenaten, Nefertiti and their children By Neoclassicism Enthusiast Wikipedia

He may have also had other wives or concubines, such as Kiya, who may have been the mother of his son Tutankhamun. He also had some diplomatic marriages with foreign princesses, such as Tadukhipa of Mitanni and the daughters of Burna-Buriash II of Babylon.

MONEY AND FAME: Akhenaten was very rich and famous as the pharaoh of Egypt, the most powerful and wealthy country in the ancient world. 

He inherited a vast fortune from his father and spent it lavishly on building projects, temples, palaces, statues, and tombs for himself and his god. Akhenaten also received tribute and gifts from other kings and rulers who recognized his authority and prestige. However, he also lost some of his money and fame due to his neglect of foreign affairs and military defense. He failed to maintain Egypt's empire and influence in Asia and Africa, and he faced rebellions and invasions from some of his vassals and enemies.

FOOD AND DRINK: Akhenaten ate and drank like any other Egyptian king, enjoying a variety of foods and beverages that were available to him. He ate bread, meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, cheese, honey, and sweets. He drank beer, wine, milk, water, and juices. He also offered food and drink to his god Aten as part of his worship.

MUSIC AND ARTS: Akhenaten had a great interest in music and arts, especially those related to his religion. He composed hymns and songs praising Aten, such as the famous "Great Hymn to the Aten," which expresses his devotion and gratitude to the sun god. 

Akhenaten encouraged a new style of art that was more realistic and expressive than the traditional one. He commissioned artists to portray him and his family in various scenes of daily life, showing their emotions and interactions. 

He also introduced new forms of architecture that used natural light and open spaces to create a sense of harmony with nature.

LITERATURE: Akhenaten was a patron of literature, especially poetry. He wrote or inspired many poems that celebrated Aten and his creation. He also used literature as a way of communicating his religious ideas and teachings to his people. He wrote letters and decrees that explained his reforms and policies. 

Akhenaten wrote personal letters to other kings and rulers, such as the Amarna Letters, which reveal some aspects of his diplomatic relations.

NATURE: Akhenaten had a deep appreciation for nature and its beauty. He saw nature as a manifestation of Aten's power and benevolence. He admired the sun's disk as the source of life and light for all creatures. 

Akhenaten also enjoyed the sight of plants, animals, rivers, mountains, stars, and seasons. He depicted nature in his art and literature as a way of expressing his awe and wonder.

HOBBIES AND SPORTS: Akhenaten did not seem to have any hobbies or sports that he practiced or enjoyed. He was more focused on his religious duties and activities than on leisure or entertainment. He did not participate in hunting or warfare or play any games or instruments like other Egyptians. 

SCIENCE AND MATHS: No personal contributions recorded, but his reign saw advancements in engineering and construction related to Akhetaten.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY: Akhenaten was a philosopher and theologian who developed a new system of thought and belief based on his worship of Aten. He rejected the traditional polytheistic religion of Egypt that involved many gods, myths, rituals, temples, priests, magic, festivals, etc. He replaced it with a monotheistic religion that involved only one god, Aten, who was the creator and sustainer of everything. Akhenaten claimed that he was the only son of Aten who knew him personally and could reveal him to others. He taught that Aten was the only true god who deserved love and obedience from all people. 

SCANDAL  Akhenaten's religious reforms were highly controversial. He closed the temples of other gods, confiscated their lands and wealth, and erased their names from monuments. His radical reforms were seen as heretical and offensive by many Egyptians, especially the powerful priesthood of Amun. After his death, his successors tried to erase his memory and restore the old religion.  

MILITARY RECORD Akhenaten's military record is not very clear, as most of his inscriptions focus on his religious reforms and his family life. However, it seems that he neglected Egypt's foreign affairs and lost control over some of its vassal states in Syria and Palestine. He also faced rebellions and invasions from the Nubians and the Libyans. Some historians suggest that he was more interested in diplomacy than warfare, and that he maintained peaceful relations with the Hittites and the Mitanni. He also exchanged letters and gifts with other rulers, such as Burna-Buriash II of Babylon and Tushratta of Mitanni.  

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS Sculptures suggest a slender build, but health is unknown.

HOMES Akhenaten's main home was his new capital city of Akhetaten, which he built on a virgin site on the east bank of the Nile. The city was designed according to his religious vision, with a central temple dedicated to Aten, surrounded by palaces, administrative buildings, workshops, gardens, and tombs. The city was also decorated with numerous reliefs and statues depicting Akhenaten, his wife Nefertiti, and their six daughters in intimate and naturalistic scenes. Akhenaten also had other homes in Memphis, Heliopolis, and Amarna, where he built smaller temples for Aten.  

TRAVEL Akhenaten's travel activities are not well documented, but it is likely that he visited some of the major cities of Egypt during his reign. He may have traveled to Memphis, the traditional residence of the pharaohs, to perform ceremonies and rituals and Heliopolis, the cult center of Re-Harakhte, the god whom he initially associated with Aten. He may have also traveled to Amarna, where he had another temple for Aten, and where he may have planned to be buried. However, he probably avoided Thebes, the former capital and the stronghold of Amun's worship.  

DEATH Akhenaten's death is shrouded in mystery and controversy. He died in his 17th year of reign, around 1336 or 1334 BC, but the cause of his death is unknown. Some speculate that he died of natural causes, such as a disease or an accident. Others suggest that he was assassinated by his enemies or by members of his own family who opposed his religious reforms. 

His burial place is also uncertain. He may have been buried in a royal tomb in Akhetaten, but his body may have been later moved to another location by his successors. Some scholars believe that Akhenaten was buried in tomb KV55 in the Valley of the Kings, but this is disputed by others who argue that the mummy found there belongs to another pharaoh.  

Akhenaten's restored the traditional Egyptian religion with the original gods. The Aten temples were demolished, and Akhenaten became known as "the Enemy."

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA Akhenaten has appeared in various forms of media over time, reflecting different interpretations of his character and legacy. He has been portrayed as a visionary reformer, a mad fanatic, a romantic lover, a tragic hero, or a mysterious figure. Some examples of media works featuring Akhenaten are:

- Akhnaton (1973), a verse drama by Agatha Christie

- Akhenaten, Dweller in Truth (1985), a novel by Naguib Mahfouz

- Akhenaten and Nefertiti (1973), a biography by Cyril Aldred

- Akhenaten and Nefertiti (1984), a ballet by Philip Glass

- The Egyptian (1954), a film by Michael Curtiz

ACHIEVEMENTS Akhenaten introduced a unique religious system, pioneered a groundbreaking artistic style, and left a lasting legacy despite its eventual reversal.

Aidan of Lindisfarne

NAME: Aidan of Lindisfarne

WHAT FAMOUS FOR: Converting the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria to Christianity, founding the Lindisfarne monastery, and spreading Celtic Christianity throughout northern England.

BIRTH: Uncertain, estimated circa 590 AD, possibly in Connacht, Ireland.

FAMILY BACKGROUND: Nothing specific is known about his family, though historical accounts suggest he was of Irish Gaelic descent.

CHILDHOOD: Details remain mostly unknown. Aidan was likely raised in a monastic environment, receiving education in religious teachings and Gaelic culture.

EDUCATION: Aidan was educated at the famed Iona Abbey in Scotland, founded by Saint Columba, learning theology, scripture, and monastic practices.

CAREER RECORD: After arriving in Northumbria in 635 AD,  Aidan became the first bishop of Lindisfarne, establishing a monastery and school that trained missionaries. He spent 16 years preaching, converting the king and nobles, and traveling throughout the region to reach common people. He was known for his humility, simplicity, and dedication to spreading the gospel.

APPEARANCE: No contemporary descriptions exist, but he is often depicted as a monk with short brown hair and beard, wearing simple robes.

Monastic Chapel 1920, Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, New York. By Randy OHC - Flickr, 

FASHION: Aidan wore the simple attire of a Celtic monk, emphasizing practicality and humility.

CHARACTER: Revered for his gentleness, kindness, compassion, and genuine love for all people. Aidan was known for his asceticism, living simply and giving away any gifts he received. He possessed a powerful sense of justice and spoke out against oppression, including slavery.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: While lacking detailed accounts, historical anecdotes suggest he possessed a gentle, dry wit and enjoyed engaging in thoughtful discourse.

RELATIONSHIPS: Aidan maintained close ties with the Iona community. Had a close friendship with King Oswald, who acted as his interpreter and protector. Aidan fostered deep connections with his students and the people he converted, treating them with respect and warmth.

MONEY AND FAME: Aidan shunned material possessions and fame, living a life of poverty and dedicating himself entirely to his faith and serving others.

FOOD AND DRINK: He adhered to the simple monastic diet of bread, vegetables, and water, occasionally fish.

MUSIC AND ARTS: Aidan appreciated the Irish tradition of singing psalms and hymns. He encouraged the development of art and culture at Lindisfarne, where illuminated manuscripts were produced.

LITERATURE: He was well-versed in the Bible and other religious writings. Aidan wrote letters and sermons; translated parts of the Scriptures into English. He taught his monks to read and write.

NATURE: Loved the beauty of God's creation; chose Lindisfarne for its isolation and tranquility; often retreated to a small island nearby for prayer and meditation

HOBBIES AND SPORTS: No specific hobbies or sports mentioned, though Aidan likely engaged in activities common to monastic life like gardening, writing, and contemplation.

SCIENCE AND MATHS: Not his main interest, but had some knowledge of astronomy and calendar calculation. Aidan used a sundial to mark the hours of prayer

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY: Aidan followed the Irish school of thought, which differed from the Roman one on some issues, such as the date of Easter and the shape of the tonsure. He emphasized personal holiness, evangelism and monasticism and respected other faiths and customs, but opposed idolatry and superstition community, compassion, and a holistic approach to faith that connected the spiritual with the everyday.

Aidan engaged in widespread evangelism from his base with the active help of King Oswald, who acted as interpreter for the non-English speaking monk. 

In 651, the pagan King of Mercia tightened his grip on Bamburgh, setting the Northumbrian stronghold ablaze. Flames licked hungrily towards the king's castle, fear gripping the hearts within. Faced with impending destruction, Aidan turned to fervent prayer, seeking divine intervention. And miraculously, the wind shifted, carrying the inferno back towards the Mercian besiegers, saving the town from devastation.

SCANDAL: No known scandals were associated with Aidan's life, reflecting his peaceful nature and dedication to his principles. However, he faced opposition from some bishops who disagreed with his practices or methods.

MILITARY RECORD: None, but Aidan witnessed several wars and battles. He focused solely on spiritual leadership and spreading Christianity through peaceful means.

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS: Aidan endured many hardships and dangers; he suffered from illness in his later years.

HOMES: He lived in a simple hut at Lindisfarne and also had a cell on Farne Island where he prayed alone

TRAVEL: He traveled extensively across Northumbria, preaching and establishing churches, demonstrating his dedication to reaching every corner of the kingdom.

DEATH: In 651, Aidan became ill while on one of his never-ending missionary tours. He died on August 31, 651 leaning against the wall of the local church (now St Aidan's Church, Bamburgh)  where he was buried;. His relics were later transferred to Lindisfarne, then to Iona, then to Durham.

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA: The main source of his life is Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Aidan is also mentioned in other historical and hagiographical works, depicted in stained glass windows, icons, paintings and sculptures and celebrated in liturgy, poetry and music

ACHIEVEMENTS: Considered as the Apostle of Northumbria and one of the most influential figures in English Christianity;

ACHIEVEMENTS: Aidan successfully converted Northumbria to Christianity, founded the influential Lindisfarne monastery, and laid the foundation for the spread of Christianity throughout Anglo-Saxon England. He is revered for his humility, compassion, and commitment to serving others, leaving a lasting legacy in both religious and political realms.

Aidan is recognised as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox, Catholic and the Anglican churches. His feast is celebrated on the anniversary of his death, August 31st.

This biographical sketch provides an overview of Aidan of Lindisfarne's life and achievements. However, due to the limited historical record, details like his childhood and personal life remain unclear. Nevertheless, his contributions to the growth of Christianity and his exemplary character continue to inspire generations.

Saint Agnes of Rome

 NAME: Saint Agnes of Rome, also known as Ines, Ines del Campo, Nesa, or Ynez.

WHAT FAMOUS FOR: Being a virgin martyr and a patron saint of girls, chastity, virgins, victims of sexual abuse, and gardeners.

BIRTH: Around 291 or 304 AD in Rome, Italy.

FAMILY BACKGROUND:  Little is known about her family, but she was believed to be of noble birth and raised in an early Christian household.

CHILDHOOD: Agnes was devoted to God and religious purity from a young age.

EDUCATION: Agnes likely received some instruction in Christian doctrine and scriptures.

CAREER RECORD: Agnes was described as beautiful and devoted to her faith from a young age. Pledged her virginity to God and refused marriage proposals.

APPEARANCE: Agnes is traditionally depicted as a young woman with long hair, often holding a lamb and a palm branch.

17th-century painting by Cesare Dandini

FASHION: Modest and simple clothing. Agnes is often depicted wearing a white robe and a veil.

CHARACTER: Agnes is renowned for her unwavering faith, courage, and purity. Stories depict her as both strong-willed and compassionate.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: Unknown, but Agnes likely had a joyful spirit.

RELATIONSHIPS: Agnes rejected many suitors of high rank who desired to marry her, stating that she had no spouse but Jesus Christ. She was revered and loved by fellow Christians in her community.

MONEY AND FAME: Agnes renounced worldly wealth and fame for the sake of the heavenly kingdom.

FOOD AND DRINK: No information available, though early Christians often fasted and adhered to simple diets.

MUSIC AND ARTS: Unknown, but Agnes likely appreciated the beauty of God's creation and praised him with hymns and prayers.

LITERATURE: Agnes is venerated in texts like the Depositio Martyrum and early Roman Sacramentaries. Stories about her life grew within oral tradition and later written accounts.

NATURE: Agnes is venerated as a patron saint of gardeners and associated with the symbol of a lamb.

HOBBIES AND SPORTS: No information available, although playing with other children was likely typical in her time.

SCIENCE AND MATHS: Not relevant to her life and the context of early Christianity. She likely had some knowledge of the natural world and its order.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY:  Agnes was deeply devoted to Christian teachings, emphasizing purity, faith, and martyrdom. She defended Christianity against the pagan authorities and persecutors.

SCANDAL: Agnes was accused of being a follower of Christianity, which was then condemned as a cult, and exposed in a brothel as a punishment. However, she remained pure and untouched by the grace of God.

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS: Agnes likely endured physical hardships and tortures for her faith.

HOMES: She lived in Rome until her death.

TRAVEL: She likely did not travel much outside of Rome.

DEATH: Agnes was beheaded or stabbed in the throat around 304 AD at the age of twelve or thirteen during the reign of the Roman Emperor Diocletian. She was martyred because she would not worship the goddess Minerva.. Her blood was soaked up by other Christians as a relic. Agnes was buried beside the Via Nomentana in Rome.

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA: Numerous paintings, sculptures, stained glass windows and mosaics depict her. Agnes is honored in many churches, shrines, chapels, schools, hospitals, and convents. She is celebrated in many hymns, poems, prayers, and liturgies. She is one of several virgin martyrs commemorated by name in the Canon of the Mass.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Agnes glorified God with her life and death and inspired many Christians with her example of purity, courage, and faith. 

Her feast day is January 21.

Please note that information about Saint Agnes is primarily based on religious tradition and legends, some details lacking historical confirmation.

Andre Agassi

NAME Andre Kirk Agassi

WHAT FAMOUS FOR Andre Agassi is a former professional tennis player who is widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time. 

BIRTH He was born on April 29, 1970, in Las Vegas, Nevada

FAMILY BACKGROUND: He is the son of Emmanuel Agassi, an Iranian Olympic boxer, and Elizabeth "Betty" Agassi. Andre has three siblings: Rita, Philip, and Tami.

CHILDHOOD: Andre was groomed for tennis greatness from a young age by his father. He trained intensely and faced pressure to succeed. Andre developed a rebellious streak and for a time disliked the sport.

EDUCATION: Andre attended local Las Vegas schools before enrolling at Nick Bollettieri's Tennis Academy at 13 in Florida, where he honed his skills and developed his aggressive baseline style. He dropped out at 16 to turn professional.

CAREER RECORD Agassi quickly rose to fame with his flamboyant appearance and charismatic personality.  He won his first Grand Slam title at Wimbledon in 1992, followed by the US Open in 1994 and the Australian Open in 1995. He also won a gold medal at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. However, he also faced some challenges in his career, such as injuries, drug use, and a slump in performance that dropped him to rank 141 in 1997. 

Agassi staged a remarkable comeback in 1999, winning the French Open and becoming the fifth player in history to complete a career Grand Slam. 

Agassi continued to play at a high level in the early 2000s, winning three more Australian Open titles and another US Open title. 

He also became involved in philanthropy, founding the Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation and the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy, both of which aim to provide education and opportunities for underprivileged children. 

Agassi retired from professional tennis in 2006, after losing to Roger Federer in the US Open final. He received a standing ovation from the crowd and delivered an emotional farewell speech.

APPEARANCE: Agassi had a distinctive appearance on the court, with his long hair, earrings, and colorful outfits. He was known for his charisma and charm, as well as his athletic physique and powerful strokes. He later shaved his head and adopted a more mature and elegant style.

By User:Akademan) From en: wiki en:File:Andre Agassi Indian Wells 2006.

FASHION: Agassi was a trendsetter in the tennis world, wearing flashy and unconventional clothing and accessories. He had a contract with Nike, which allowed him to design his own apparel and shoes. He also launched his own clothing line, called Agassi Collection, in 1993.

CHARACTER: Agassi was a complex and contradictory person, who struggled with his identity and self-esteem throughout his career. He was rebellious and defiant, often clashing with the authorities and the media. He was also generous and compassionate, supporting various charitable causes and founding his own educational foundation.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: Agassi had a witty and sarcastic sense of humour, which he used to cope with the pressure and criticism he faced. He often joked about himself and his opponents, making fun of their weaknesses and quirks. He also enjoyed playing pranks on his friends and colleagues.

RELATIONSHIPS: Agassi had several high-profile relationships with celebrities, such as Brooke Shields and Barbra Streisand. He married Shields in 1997, but they divorced two years later. 

Agassi married fellow tennis star Steffi Graf on October 22, 2001 in a private ceremony at their home in Las Vegas, Nevada. Only their mothers were witnesses. They have two children; Jaden Gil Agassi and Jaz Elle Agassi. 

Andre Agassi and Steffi Graff

MONEY AND FAME: Agassi earned millions of dollars from his tennis career and endorsements. He was one of the most popular and influential athletes in the world, attracting fans from different backgrounds and cultures. He also faced the drawbacks of fame, such as scrutiny, gossip, and harassment.

FOOD AND DRINK: Agassi was not very adventurous when it came to food and drink. He preferred simple and healthy meals, such as pasta, chicken, salad, and water. He occasionally indulged in junk food, such as pizza, burgers, and fries. He did not drink alcohol or smoke.

MUSIC AND ARTS: Agassi likes listening to music, especially rock and pop. He's a fan of bands such as U2, Bon Jovi, Pearl Jam, and Nirvana. He also appreciates art, especially paintings and sculptures. Agassi has collected some artworks by famous artists, such as Picasso, Warhol, and Basquiat.

LITERATURE: Agassi isn't an avid reader, but he enjoys reading biographies and autobiographies of people he admired or related to. He also wrote his own memoir, called Open: An Autobiography, which was published in 2009. It was a candid and revealing account of his life and career.

NATURE: Agassi loves nature and the outdoors. He likes hiking, camping, skiing, and surfing. He also cares about the environment and supported causes that aimed to protect it. He's donated money to organizations that fought against deforestation, pollution, and climate change.

HOBBIES AND SPORTS Andre Agassi loved tennis from a young age. He could serve a ball on a full court by the time he was two years old. He also enjoys playing pickleball, a sport that combines elements of tennis, badminton and table tennis. He won the Pickleball Slam 2 in 2024 with his wife Steffi Graf, beating John McEnroe and Maria Sharapova for $1 million. 

SCIENCE AND MATHS Andre Agassi was not very interested in science and maths as a child. He dropped out of school in ninth grade to focus on his tennis career. He later regretted this decision and became an advocate for education. 

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY Andre Agassi was raised as a Muslim by his Iranian father, who had converted from Armenian Christianity. However, he did not practice Islam as an adult and described himself as agnostic. He was influenced by the philosophy of Buddhism and meditation, which he learned from his coach Brad Gilbert. He also respected the Christian faith of his wife Steffi Graf, who is a Lutheran. 

SCANDAL Andre Agassi had his share of scandals in his career and personal life. He admitted in his autobiography that he had used crystal meth in 1997 and lied to the ATP about it. He also revealed that he had hated tennis for most of his life and felt pressured by his father to play. He had several high-profile relationships with celebrities such as Brooke Shields, Barbra Streisand and Jennifer Capriati, which attracted media attention and gossip. He also faced criticism for his rebellious image, his boycott of Wimbledon and his inconsistent performance on court. 

MILITARY RECORD He's supported various causes related to veterans and military families. Agassi donated money to the Fisher House Foundation, which provides housing for families of wounded soldiers. He also participated in charity events such as the USO World Gala and the Heroes Among Us Gala. 

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS Andre Agassi was known for his physical fitness and endurance on court. He had a rigorous training regimen that included running, cycling, weightlifting and yoga. He also followed a strict diet that consisted of lean protein, vegetables, fruits and grains. Agassi avoided alcohol, caffeine, sugar and processed foods. However, he also suffered from several injuries and health problems throughout his career. He had chronic back pain caused by sciatica, spondylolisthesis and a bone spur that interfered with his nerve. He also had wrist surgery, chest infections, bronchitis and an inflamed toe.  

HOMES Andre Agassi was born and raised in Las Vegas, Nevada, where he still resides with his family. He also owned homes in Tiburon, California; Saddle River, New Jersey; Manhattan Beach, California; Palm Desert, California; Sun Valley, Idaho; and Tegernsee, Germany. He preferred living in quiet and secluded areas away from the paparazzi and the public eye. 

TRAVEL Andre Agassi traveled extensively around the world as a professional tennis player.  He visited countries such as Japan, China, India, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, Russia and many more. Agassi enjoyed experiencing different cultures, cuisines and landscapes during his travels. 

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA Andre Agassi made numerous appearances in media throughout his career and after his retirement. He starred in commercials for brands such as Nike, Canon, American Express and Armani Exchange. Agassi wrote an autobiography titled Open: An Autobiography, which was published in 2009 and became a bestseller. He also appeared in documentaries, talk shows, podcasts and movies. In 2017, Agassi appeared in the documentary film Love Means Zero, which highlighted the troubled relationship between his coach Nick Bollettieri and him

ACHIEVEMENTS Andre Agassi achieved many remarkable feats in his tennis career. He won eight Grand Slam singles titles, one Olympic gold medal, one ATP Tour Finals title and 60 career singles titles. He also won three Davis Cup titles with the United States team. 

He is one of only five men in the Open Era to complete the career Grand Slam, and the only man to win the career Super Slam (career Grand Slam, plus the Olympic gold medal and the year-end championships). He is also the first man to win all four majors on three different surfaces: hard, clay and grass. 

He reached the world No. 1 ranking for the first time in 1995 and held it for a total of 101 weeks. 

Agassi is widely regarded as one of the greatest tennis players of all time and an icon of the sport. 

Æthelwulf, King of Wessex

 NAME: Æthelwulf (Old English for "Noble Wolf")

WHAT FAMOUS FOR: Being the father of Alfred the Great and a successful king of Wessex who resisted the Viking invasions.

BIRTH: Around 806, probably in Wessex.

FAMILY BACKGROUND: He was the son of Ecgberht, King of Wessex, who had unified most of southern England under his rule.

CHILDHOOD: Little is known about his early life, but he may have been educated by the bishop Swithun.

EDUCATION: Æthelwulf was likely literate and learned in Latin, as he wrote a will and a charter in that language. He also had some knowledge of Frankish culture and law, as he married a Frankish princess and adopted some Frankish customs.

CAREER RECORD: Æthelwulf was appointed as the sub-king of Kent, Sussex and Essex by his father in 825, after defeating the Mercians who had ruled those territories. 

He became the king of Wessex in 839, after his father's death. Æthelwulf ruled for 19 years, during which he fought several battles against the Vikings, winning a major victory at Aclea in 851. He also maintained good relations with Mercia, Wales and the Franks, and supported the church and learning.

Æthelwulf made a pilgrimage to Rome (855-856 AD), a rare act for a king, leaving his eldest surviving son Æthelbald to act as King of Wessex in his absence. When Æthelwulf returned to England, Æthelbald refused to surrender the throne, and Æthelwulf agreed to divide the kingdom, taking the east and leaving the west in Æthelbald's hands. 

APPEARANCE: No contemporary description of his appearance survives, but he may have looked like his son Alfred, who was described as having fair hair and a ruddy complexion.

Miniature of King Æthelwulf of Wessex in the Genealogical roll of the kings of England

FASHION: Æthelwulf wore typical Anglo-Saxon clothing, such as tunics, cloaks and leather shoes. He also wore a crown and a sword as symbols of his royal authority.

CHARACTER: Æthelwulf was pious, generous and loyal to his family and allies. He was also courageous and determined in defending his kingdom from the Vikings. He was respected by his contemporaries, both at home and abroad.

SENSE OF HUMOUR: No evidence of his sense of humour survives, but he may have enjoyed some forms of entertainment, such as music, poetry and hunting.

RELATIONSHIPS: Æthelwulf had two wives and six children. His first wife was Osburh, a noblewoman of unknown origin, who bore him five sons (Æthelstan, Æthelbald, Æthelberht, Æthelred and Alfred) and one daughter (Æthelswith). 

His second wife was Judith, the daughter of Charles the Bald, King of the West Franks, whom he married in 856 after returning from a pilgrimage to Rome. Æthelwulf's marriage to Judith caused some controversy, as she was much younger than him and he had to divorce Osburh. 

His eldest son Æthelbald also rebelled against him and refused to give up the throne of Wessex when Æthelwulf returned from Rome.

MONEY AND FAME: Æthelwulf was wealthy and powerful as the king of Wessex and Kent. He also gained fame and prestige by his pilgrimage to Rome, where he was received by Pope Leo IV and Emperor Lothair I. 

Æthelwulf donated generously to the church and the poor, giving a tenth of his personal property as a "decimation" before leaving for Rome.

The historian Janet Nelson describes Æthelwulf as "one of the great underrated among Anglo-Saxons", and complains that she was only allowed 2,500 words for him in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, compared with 15,000 for Edward II and 35,000 for Elizabeth I.

FOOD AND DRINK: Æthelwulf vonsumed a rich diet of meat, fish, bread, and ale, reflecting royal status. He drank ale, mead and wine.

MUSIC AND ARTS: Æthelwulf patronized music and arts in his kingdom, especially in Winchester, where he founded a school for singers. He also appreciated Frankish music and arts, as he brought back some relics and books from Rome.

LITERATURE: Æthelwulf was interested in literature and learning, as he wrote a will and a charter in Latin. He also collected some books from Rome, such as a copy of the Rule of St Benedict. He may have read or listened to some Anglo-Saxon poems, such as Beowulf or The Battle of Maldon.

NATURE: Æthelwulf enjoyed nature and hunting, as he owned several hunting estates in Wessex and Kent. He also admired the natural beauty of Rome and its surroundings.

HOBBIES AND SPORTS: His main hobbies were hunting and travelling. He hunted deer, boars and other animals in his forests. 

SCIENCE AND MATHS: Æthelwulf had some knowledge of science and maths, as he used Roman numerals and weights in his will. He also learned about astronomy from the Frankish scholar John Scotus Eriugena , who accompanied him on his second trip to Rome.

PHILOSOPHY & THEOLOGY: Æthelwulf was devoutly Christian and followed the teachings of the Catholic Church. He respected the authority of the Pope and the bishops, and supported the monastic reform of the Benedictine Rule. He also had some interest in philosophy, as he met John Scotus Eriugena, who was a Neoplatonist and a theologian.

SCANDAL: His marriage to Judith caused some scandal, as she was a close relative of his first wife Osburh and he had to divorce her. Some of his subjects also disapproved of his long absence from his kingdom and his lavish gifts to the church. His loss of his western kingdom to his son could be considered a personal and political scandal.

MILITARY RECORD: Æthelwulf was a successful military leader, who defended his kingdom from the Viking invasions. He won several battles against them, most notably at Aclea in 851, where he killed a large number of them. He also allied with Mercia and Wales against the Vikings, and helped Burgred of Mercia to conquer Wales in 853.

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS: Æthelwulf was healthy and fit for most of his life, as he survived several wars and travels. He may have suffered from some illnesses or injuries, but none are recorded in the sources.

HOMES: He had several homes in Wessex and Kent, such as Winchester, Canterbury, Farnham and Steyning. Æthelwulf also stayed in Rome for a year, where he lived in the Lateran Palace.

TRAVEL: Æthelwulf travelled widely in his kingdom and abroad. He visited Kent, Sussex, Essex, Mercia, Wales and East Anglia in England. He also visited Rome twice, in 855 and 856, passing through France and Italy. He met several kings and nobles on his travels, such as Charles the Bald, Lothair I, Louis II and Burgred of Mercia.

DEATH: Æthelwulf died on January 13, 858, probably in Steyning, Sussex. He was buried there, but his body was later moved to Winchester by his son Alfred.

APPEARANCES IN MEDIA: He has featured in historical documentaries, novels, and video games, but is often overshadowed by his son Alfred. 

ACHIEVEMENTS: Æthelwulf was one of the most successful kings of Wessex, who consolidated and extended the power of his dynasty. He resisted the Viking invasions and maintained good relations with his neighbours. Æthelwulf supported the church and learning in his kingdom and abroad. He was the father of Alfred the Great, who became one of the greatest kings of England.

This biography paints a picture of Æthelwulf as a complex and significant figure in Anglo-Saxon history. While overshadowed by his son's accomplishments, his own reign laid the groundwork for Alfred's success and helped preserve Wessex during a turbulent era.

Remember, much of Æthelwulf's life is shrouded in mystery, and this interpretation is based on available historical sources and some educated guesses.